Rhythms of The world

58 flashcards · Music · by Marli Williams

1. Samba originates from Brazil

   South America

2. Key Features of Samba

   Polyrhythmic Syncopation Cross Rhythms Son Clave Rhythm (2:3 or 3:2) Call and Response Cyclic Patterns

3. Samba Tempo / Metre

   Fast Tempo In 4/4 or 2/4

4. Samba Dynamics

   Loud / ff

5. Samba Structure

   No set structure just different sections: All instruments together repeating rhythmic patterns over and over Call and response sections Solo sections (Repinique or other instruments)

6. Samba Texture

   Polyrhythmic

7. Samba Rhythm

   Syncopation Cross Rhythms Dotted Rhythms

8. Samba Instruments: Repinique: High pitched drum used by lead drummer Apito: Whistle used to lead into different sections Caixa: Brazilian Snare Drum Surdo: Brazilian Bass Drum which plays the pulse Agogo Bell: Two pitched bell Ganza: Shaker Tambourin: Small high pitched Brazilian hand drum Vocals: Shouts + Chants

   Rep Ap Ca Su Ago Gan Tam

9. Samba Venue

   Carnival

10. Calypso originates from Trinidad and Tobago

    Caribbean

11. Key Features of Calypso

    Witty Lyrics Syncopated Rhythms Dotted Rhythms Steel Pans

12. Calypso Tempo / Metre

    Varied Tempo In 4/4 or 2/4

13. Calypso Structure

    Verse - Chorus

14. Calypso Texture

    Homophonic, Call and Response

15. Calypso Rhythm

    Syncopation Dotted Rhythms

16. Calypso Instruments: Steel Pans: Tenors - Small Steel Pans High pitched, used for melodies Alto/Cellos - Medium Steel Pans Medium pitched, used for chords Bass - Large Steel Pans Low pitched, used for bass-lines All notes on Steel Pans are play using Tremolo

    Ste Ten Al__/Cel__ Ba Ste

17. Indian Classical Music originates from India

    South Asia

18. Indian Raga

    The Melodic Idea (The melody which is improvised upon)

19. Key Features of Indian Raga

    Improvisation Fast runs String bends / Pitch bends Glissandos Ornamentation

20. Indian Classical Accompaniment

    Drone: Repeated notes throughout the piece

21. Indian Classical Rhythm

    Tala: Rhythmic pattern Improvised around like Raga 'Sam' is the first beat and is accented

22. Indian Classical Instruments: Sitar: String instrument which plays Raga Has 'sympathetic' strings Tanpura: String instrument which plays Drone Played via Plucking Sarangi: String which plays accompaniment Played via bow Sarod: plucked, fretless string instrument Has 'sympathetic' strings Tabla: Drums that play Tala Bansuri: Indian Flute - plays raga Shehnai: Indian oboe - plays raga

    Si St Tan Pl Sara bo Saro St Tab Ta Ban She

23. Indian Classical Structure 3 Sections: Alap, Gat, Jhala Alap: Heavily improvised - only has Raga and Drone - no set tempo/pulse Gat: Tala, Raga and drone together - still improvised but more fixed Jhala: Raga + Tala get more complex and virtuosic - tempo gets faster

    Al Ga Jha Virtu

24. Punjabi Banghra originates from the Punjabi Region (Pakistan + India)

    South Asia

25. Key Features of Punjabi Banghra

    Dhol - Punjabi drum Chaal rhythm Tumbi - single stringed, high-pitched plucking instrument Microtonal intervals Music Tech (Modern Banghra): Drum machine, synths, sampling, etc... Riffs

26. Punjabi Banghra Tempo / Metre

    Fast Tempo In 4/4

27. Punjabi Banghra Harmony / Tonality

    Diatonic Harmony Major Tonality

28. Punjabi Banghra Melody

    Tumbi plays riffs and melody Repeative Uses Ostinatos Microtonal intervals

29. Punjabi Banghra Structure

    Verse - Chorus

30. Punjabi Banghra Texture

    Homophonic - Melody and Accompaniment

31. Punjabi Banghra Rhythm

    Chaal Rhythm

32. Punjabi Banghra Instruments: Tumbi - single stringed, high-pitched plucking instrument that plays riffs Dhol - Punjabi drum that play the Chaal Rhythm Harmonium Western Instruments Vocals

    Tu Dh Wes

33. Punjabi Banghra Venue

    Weddings Clubs Bollywood movies Radio

34. Palestinian Music Key features

    Oud - Palestinian Lute Maqam Scale (Double harmonic Scale) - 2nd and 5th flattened Doumbek - Goblet-shaped drum Mizmar - Single/ Double reed wind instrument Microtones Wazn - Rhythm No harmony Vocals - With Melisma

35. Palestinian Music Tempo / Metre

    Varied Tempo In 6/8, 4/4, 2/4

36. Palestinian Music Harmony / Tonality

    None

37. Palestinian Music Melody

    Maqam Scale - Improvised by Oud

38. Palestinian Music Texture

    Polyrhythmic

39. Palestinian Music Rhythm

    Wazn

40. Palestinian Music Instruments: Oud - Palestinian Lute used for both accompaniment and melody Doumbek - Goblet Drum which plays the Wazn Mizmar - Single/ Double reed wind instrument Vocals - Ornamented and lots of use of melisma

    Ou Dou Miz

41. Israeli Music Key Features

    Accordian Accelerando Imitation Syncopation Bass plays every crotchet beat Clarinet Ciolin

42. Israeli Music Tempo / Metre

    Accelerando Fast Tempo In 4/4, 2/4

43. Israeli Music Melody

    Imitation Repetitive Upbeat

44. Israeli Music Texture

    Homophonic: Melody + Accompaniment

45. Israeli Music Rhythm

    Syncopated, Dotted rhythms

46. Israeli Music Instruments: Accordian Bass guitar Drumkit Clarinet Synthesiser

    Accor Bass Dr Cla Syn

47. Israeli Music Venue

    Barmitzah Wedding Dancing

48. Greek Music Key Features

    Tremolo Slides/Runs on strings Bouzouki Defi 5/8 or 7/8 Microtones Doumbek

49. Greek Music Tempo / Metre

    Fast Varied tempo 5/8 or 7/8 (irregular time signature)

50. Greek Music Harmony / Tonality

    Major and Minor Chords - Modulation Off Beat Chords Harmony in 3rds

51. Greek Music Melody

    Tremolo Slides Ornamentation Conjunct Melisma Harmonized In 3rds

52. Greek Music Texture

    Homophonic: Melody + Accompaniment Off beat chords

53. Greek Music Rhythm

    Syncopated

54. Greek Music Instruments: Bouzouki: Greek Guitar which plays the melody Doumbek: Goblet Drum which plays the rhythm Defi: Small hand drum like a tambourine Lyra: Greek Violin Bass Vocals

    Bou Dou De Ly

55. Greek Music Venue

    Celebrations Wedding Social Events

56. African Drumming Key Features

    Polyrhythms Call and Response Cross rhythms Improvisation Master Drummer - Virtuosic and leads ensemble Cyclic Patterns Ostinatos

57. African Drumming Instruments: Djembe: Common African drum comes in many sizes Dundun: Large two sided drum Talking Drum: Master Drummer's drum Agogo Bell: African Bell Shakers Vocals

    Dj Dun Tal Ag

58. African Drumming Venue

    Celebrations Wedding Social Events