Medical Foundations

55 flashcards · Biology · by (Student) Mandy Zhou

1. What is HIPAA?

   Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act

2. Purpose of HIPAA?

   US Law designed to provide privacy standards to protect patients' medical records and other health information provided to health plans, doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare providers.

3. Frontal Plane

   Coronal plane, vertical plane that divides the body into ventral and dorsal (belly & back) sections.

4. Sagittal Plane

   Median plane, divides the body into left and right.

5. Transverse Plane

   Horizontal plane, divides the body into superior & inferior parts.

6. What does P.R.I.C.E stand for?

   Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

7. Where is the medullary canal located in the bone structure?

   main shaft o a long bone (diaphysis)

8. What are the signs of shock?

   cool, clammy hands pale or ashen skin rapid pulse nausea/vomiting enlarged pupils weakness/fatigue dizziness/fainting changes in mental status/behavior anxiousness/agitation

9. HIV, HBV, HCV are all common types of what?

   bloodborne pathogens

10. Medicare

    federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease.

11. Medicaid

    federal-state health insurance program for low-income and needy people. It covers children, the aged, blind, and/or disabled and other people who are eligible to receive federally assisted income maintenance payments.

12. QID

    4 times a day

13. CC

    cubic centimeters

14. WNL

    within normal limits

15. ROM

    range of motion

16. PT

    prothrombin time

17. L

    left

18. UE

    upper extremity

19. N

    normal

20. How much does the human heart weigh?

    11oz

21. How much does the human brain weigh?

    3lbs

22. Please explain and diagram a nerve starting at the dendrites.

23. Purpose of Cerebellum

    to coordinate and regulate muscular activity

24. Purpose of Dendrite

    the structures on the neuron that receive electrical messages; brings information to the neuron

25. Purpose of Cell Body

    the spherical part of the neuron that contains the nucleus

26. Purpose of Axon

    to transmit information to different neurons, muscles, and glands

27. Purpose of Cerebrospinal Fluid

    a clear, colorless liquid that surrounds and protects the CNS. bathes the brain and spine in nutrients and eliminates waste products.

28. Blood

    supplying oxygen to cells & tissues providing essential nutrients to cells removing waste material protecting the body from infections transporting hormones & messages regulating acidity

29. Artery

    carries oxygenated blood from the heart

30. Vein

    returns deoxygenated blood to the heart

31. Lungs

    allows oxygen in the air to be taken into the body, while also enabling the body to get rid of carbon dioxide in the air breathed out.

32. Hallux

    big toe

33. Ischemic Stroke

    sudden loss of blood circulation to an area of the brain.

34. Flexion

    decrease bending on the joint

35. Extension

    increase straightening of the joint

36. abduction

    away from midline

37. supination

    outward roll of the foot during normal motion

38. pronation

    inward roll of the foot during normal motion

39. inversion

    to turn inward

40. eversion

    to turn inside out

41. bilateral

    both sides

42. dorsiflexion

    decreases the angle between the dorsum of the foot and the leg

43. external rotation

    rotation away from the center of the body

44. hyperextension

    angle formed by the bones of a particular join is opened, or straitened beyond its ROM

45. Greenstick

    young, soft bone in which the bone bends and breaks. Greenstick fractures usually occur most often during infancy and childhood when bones are soft.

46. Compound

    an injury in which a broken bone pierces the skin, causing a risk of infection.

47. Transverse

    when the fracture line is perpendicular to the shaft (long part) of the bone

48. Spiral

    bone fracture occurring when torque (a rotating force) is applied along the axis of a bone. Spiral fractures often occur when the body's in motion while one extremity is planted.

49. Prone

    lying downward

50. Supine

    lying upward

51. Uniaxial

    having or relating to a single axis

52. Biaxial

    having or relating to two axes

53. Hemorrhagic Stroke

    blood spills into or around the brain and creates swelling and pressure, damaging cells and tissue in the brain.

54. Kinesiology

    study of human and nonhuman animal-body movements, performance, and function by applying the sciences of bio-mechanics, anatomy, physiology, psychology, and neuroscience

55. Biology

    natural science that involves the study of life and living organisms, including their physical and chemical structure, function, development and evolution