AP Chemistry - Chemical reaction types

26 flashcards · Other · by luckydog789 (harrison holbrook)

1. Synthesis reactions

   A+B→ABA+B \to ABA+B→AB

2. Metals react with non-metals

   Producing binary salts (two elements, no polyatomic ions)

3. Metal oxides (basic anhydrides) react with water

   Yielding bases (metal hydroxides)

4. Non-metal oxides (acid anhydrides) react with water

   Yielding acids (oxidation number of nonmetal does not change)

5. Metal oxides react with non-metal oxides

   Producing a polyatomic salt (oxidation number of nonmetal does not change)

6. Decomposition reactions

   AB→A+BAB \to A + BAB→A+B

7. Acids with oxygen decompose

   Giving non-metal oxides and water (oxidation number of nonmetal does not change)

8. Metallic hydroxides, or bases, decompose

   Giving metal oxides and water

9. Metallic carbonates decompose

   Giving metal oxides and carbon dioxide

10. Metallic chlorates decompose

    Giving metal chlorides and oxygen

11. Metallic nitrates decompose

    Giving metal nitrites and oxygen

12. Ammonium carbonate decomposes

    Giving ammonia ( CH3CH_3CH3​ ), water, and carbon dioxide

13. Sulfurous acid decomposes

    Giving water and sulfur dioxide

14. Carbonic acid decomposes

    Giving water and carbon dioxide

15. Ammonium hydroxide decomposes

    Giving ammonia ( CH3CH_3CH3​ ) and water

16. Binary compounds decompose

    Giving two elements

17. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes

    Giving water and oxygen

18. Polyatomic salts not listed above can decompose

    Giving the metal oxide and non-metal oxide that formed them (oxidation number of nonmetal does not change)

19. Single replacement reactions

    A+BX→AX+BA+BX \to AX+BA+BX→AX+B

20. Active metals replace less active metals in ionic compounds in aqueous solutions

    N/A

21. Active metals replace HHH in water

    Yielding metal hydroxides (bases) and H2H_2H2​

22. Active metals replace HHH in acids

    Yielding a salt and H2H_2H2​

23. Active non-metals replace less active non-metals in ionic compounds in aqueous solutions

    N/A

24. All single-replacement reactions are redox reactions

    Think of the overarching types of reactions

25. Double replacement reactions

    AX+BY→AY+BXAX+BY \to AY+BXAX+BY→AY+BX

26. Combustion reactions

    CxHxOx+O2→CO2+H2OC_xH_xO_x+O_2 \to CO_2 + H_2OCx​Hx​Ox​+O2​→CO2​+H2​O