CH 8 LEC EXAM

34 flashcards · Other · by Fatdoink1

  1. articulation

    A joint, or an articulation, is a place where two bones come together.

  2. fibrous joints

    United by fibrous connective tissue Have no joint cavity Move little or none example: sutures

  3. cartilaginous joints

    unit two bones with cartilage 2 types: symphyses (fibrocartilage) intervertebral discs, manubrium sternum, etc synchondroses (hyaline cartilage) epiphyseal plates, sternum, ribs, etc

  4. synovial joints

    contain synovial fluid allow MOVEMENT ex: elbow, hip, shoulder, knee

  5. synovial fluid

    fluid that is rich in hyaluronic acid, making the joint fluid very slippery, thus facilitating smooth movement within the joint.

  6. synovial joint structure 2 bones + cartilage + capsule that holds bones together ligament: holds bone to bone

  7. monoaxial

    Think of your elbow. It can only bend and straighten in one direction, like a robot arm that moves up and down. That’s monoaxial—moving on one path.

  8. biaxial

    Imagine your wrist. It can move up and down and also twist side to side. So, it can move in two different ways, like when you wave and then turn your hand. That’s biaxial!

  9. multiaxial

    Now think about your shoulder. It can move up, down, side to side, and even twist in lots of directions. It can do so many things! That’s multiaxial—moving in many ways.

  10. plan (gliding) joints

    monoaxial 2 flat bone surfaces where slight gliding motion occurs (like between vertebrae)

  11. saddle joints

    biaxial like where your hand meets your thumb saddle shaped joints at right angles to eachother so that the surfaces can move

  12. hinge joints

    monoaxial kind of like a door that opens and closes like your elbow or your knee. They can only bend and straighten, just like a door. So, when you bend your arm or leg, it’s like the door opening!

  13. pivot joints

    monoaxial kind of like a turntable it lets one bone rotate around another bone, just like how the turntable spins ex: your neck has a pivot joint where it connects to your head

  14. ball and socket joints

    multiaxial Imagine a ball and a cup. The ball can fit into the cup and move around in lots of directions. It can roll and spin, and it can go up, down, and side to side. ex: shoulder and hip

  15. ellipsoid (condyloid) joints

    biaxial like a ball and socket joint but its egg shape makes it harder to move ex: wrist

  16. rheumatoid arthritis

    Inflammatory and autoimmune disease that attacks synovial membranes

  17. Osteoarthritis

    Wear and tear; advancing age

  18. gouty arthritis

    too much uric acid (waste) more than can be excreted The uric acid will build up in the blood and some will form salt crystals that deposit in the joint

  19. elevation and depression

    upward and downward movement ex: shrugging of shoulders.

  20. PROTRACTION AND RETRACTION

    forward and backward movement

  21. INVERSION AND EVERSION

    movement of sole of foot inwards and outwards like turning the bottom of your foot to face the inside.

  22. DORSIFLEXION AND PLANTER FLEXION

    bending the foot towards the body (dorsi) and pointing it down away from the body (plantar)

  23. PRONATION AND SUPINATION

  24. aBduction and aDDuction

    movement away from the midline or towards the midline Adduction: Bringing things closer to the middle (like arms hugging your sides). Abduction: Moving things away from the middle (like spreading your arms up).

  25. FLEXION AND EXTENSION

    Flexion: Bending (like your elbow). Extension: Straightening (like straightening arm)

  26. opposition

    movement of thumb and little finger toward each other

  27. reposition

    return of thumb and little finger to their original positions

  28. rotation

    Rotation is when you turn something around a central point. Imagine your head turning side to side to look left and right.

  29. circumduction

    Circumduction is like making a big circle with a body part (combination of movements)

  30. excursion

    2 types: Lateral moving jaw to the right or left of midline Medial return the jaw to the midline position

  31. lymes disease

    Caused by a bacterial infection that affects multiple organs, including the joints; can lead to chronic arthritis

  32. RACL

    acl injury tear in the ligament that connects the tibia to the femur in the knee

  33. luxation

    dislocation of a joint when the articulating surfaces of the bones are moved out of proper alignment.

  34. subluxation

    partial dislocation