AP Chemistry - Atomic and Quantum Theory

25 flashcards · Other · by luckydog789 (harrison holbrook)

1. Democritus

   First theorized that matter was made of indivisible particles

2. John Dalton

   Created the atomic model, which formally proposed that matter was made of atoms

3. Benjamin Franklin

   Investigated electric currents and charge, discovering them with his kite experiment

4. William Crookes

   Pioneer in vacuum tubes, which would be essential for future chemistry and physics

5. J.J. Thomson

   Discovered the electron, creating his plum-pudding model of the atom with negatively charged electrons in a positively charged soup

6. Robert Millikan

   His oil drop experiment accurately determined charge of the electron, and he worked on the photoelectric effect

7. Eugen Goldstein

   He discovered "canal/anode rays", which are positively charged particles that travel opposite to cathode rays, discovering the proton

8. Wilhelm Roentgen

   Discovered X-rays, winning him a nobel

9. Antoine Henri Becquerel

   Discovered radioactivity

10. Ernest Rutherford

    deep inelastic scattering experiment discovered the nucleus - Shot alpha particles at gold and saw how they scatter

11. James Chadwick

    Discovered the neutron

12. Henry Moseley

    Provided evidence for Bohr's model of the atom via x-ray spectra

13. Max Planck

    Discovered energy quanta, originating quantum theory

14. Neils Bohr

    Created the Bohr model (central nucleus with distinct quantized energy levels) and significantly advanced quantum theory

15. Albert Einstein

    Discovered the photoelectric effect, supporting Bohr and Planck's quantum theory

16. Louis De Brogolie

    Made significant advancements to quantum theory, theorized that all matter has wave properties (universal wave-particle duality)

17. Werner Heisenberg

    Created a significant reinterpretation of quantum mechanics, awarded the nobel for creating quantum physics, known for the uncertainty principle

18. Erwin Schrödinger

    Developed the Schrödinger equation and coined the term quantum entanglement

19. Aufbau Principle

    Electrons like to fill the the lowest energy level first

20. Pauli exclusion principle

    No two quantum objects (such as electrons) can occupy the same state

21. Hund's rule

    Electrons will go to empty orbitals first

22. RHR_HRH​

    RH=2.18⋅10−18JR_H=2.18 \cdot 10^{-18}JRH​=2.18⋅10−18J

23. Photon energy in terms of energy level

    E=RH(1nf2−1ni2)E=R_H(\frac{1}{n^2_f}-\frac{1}{n^2_i})E=RH​(nf2​1​−ni2​1​)

24. hhh

    h=6.626⋅10−34JSh=6.626 \cdot 10^{-34}JSh=6.626⋅10−34JS

25. Wavelength for matter

    λ=hmv\lambda=\frac{h}{mv}λ=mvh​