Physics 4.2-1.2 Bulk Properties of Solids and the Young Modulus
26 flashcards · Physics · by TheoTyson
What is the density of a material?
Mass per unit volume.
What is Hooke’s law?
The extension of a spring is proportional to the force applied up to the limit of proportionality.
What is the equation for Hooke's law?
F = kΔL\text{F = k} \Delta \text{L}F = kΔL
What is the limit of proportionality?
The maximum force applied where Hooke’s Law is obeyed.
What is an elastic object?
An object that returns to its original shape when the deforming force is removed.
What is a plastic object?
An object that is permanently deformed when the deforming force is removed.
What is the elastic limit?
Where plastic deformation begins.
What is the stiffness / spring constant?
The resistance to extension of a material. The force needed to extend a material per unit.
What is tensile strain?
Ratio of extension to original length.
What is tensile stress?
The force per unit cross sectional area.
What is the elastic strain energy?
The energy stored in an object when it has been stretched.
What is breaking stress / ultimate tensile stress?
The maximum stress that can be applied to a material before it breaks.
What is the area under a force-extension\text{force-extension}force-extension graph?
Elastics strain energy.
What is a ductile material?
A material that deforms plastically and becomes elongated under tension.
What is the equation for potential energy stored?
12FΔL\frac{1}{\text{2}} \text{F}\Delta \text{L}21FΔL
What is the yield point?
When plastic deformation takes place with a constant or reduced stress.
What is a brittle material?
A material that fractures without plastic deformation.
What is the gradient of an unloading line?
The gradient is the same as the loading line up to the limit of proportionality, which is the spring constant.
What is the area between the loading and unloading lines?
The work done to permanently deform the object.
What is the Young’s modulus?
Stiffness constant of a material.
What is the stress-strain\text{stress-strain}stress-strain graph of a brittle material?
It is straight and does not bend because there is no elastic limit.
What is the equation for Young's modulus?
Young modulus=tensile stresstensile strain\text{Young modulus} = \frac{\text{tensile stress}}{\text{tensile strain}}Young modulus=tensile straintensile stress
What is the gradient of a stress-strain\text{stress-strain}stress-strain graph?
The Young modulus.
What is the equation for the spring constants for springs in series?
1k total=1k spring 1+1k spring 2\frac{1}{k_{\text{ total}}} = \frac{1}{k_{\text{ spring 1}}} + \frac{1}{k_{\text{ spring 2}}}k total1=k spring 11+k spring 21
What is the equation for the extension for springs in series?
e total=e spring 1+e spring 2e_{\text{ total}} = e_{\text{ spring 1}} + e_{\text{ spring 2}}e total=e spring 1+e spring 2
What is the equation for spring constant for springs in parallel?
k total=k spring 1+k spring 2k_{\text{ total}} = k_{\text{ spring 1}} + k_{\text{ spring 2}}k total=k spring 1+k spring 2