Chapter 18 & 19: Networking

38 flashcards · Other · by Ian Christensen

What is the difference between Full-Duplex and Half-Duplex?
Full-Duplex Transmitting and receiving simultaneously. In pure digital networks such as Ethernet, full-duplex is achieved with two pairs of wires. In cellular networks, full-duplex is achieved by using two different channel frequencies, one for sending, the other for receiving. Half-Duplex The transmission of data in both directions, but only one direction at a time. For example, two-way radio (push-to-talk phone) uses half-duplex communications. When one party speaks, the other party listens.
What does Wake-on-LAN mean?
The ability for the power in a client machine to be turned on by the network. Remote wake-up enables software upgrading and other management tasks to be performed on users' machines after the work day is over. It also enables remote users to gain access to machines that have been turned off. Intel calls remote wake-up "Wake-on-LAN."
What is a Magic Packet?
The packet sent to a computer to initiate Wake-on-LAN
What are the three things that Link Lights indicate?
Connectivity Speed Activity
<name>.local as an alternative to DNS
What is an OU?
Organizational Unit
What is a group?
What is a forest?
What is an ACL?
Access Control List A set of data associated with a file, directory or other network resource that defines the permissions that users, groups, processes or devices have for accessing it.
What is an Access Policy?
What is the Principle of least privilege?
What is the difference between a stateless and stateful firewall?
What is a DMZ?
What is a real DMZ?
What is the difference between a DMZ and a real DMZ?
What is a Host Firewall?
What is a Network Firewall?
What are the differences between Domain Networks, Private Networks, and Guest or Public Networks?
What is Port Forwarding?
Also called "port mapping," port forwarding is directing traffic from the outside world to the appropriate server inside a local TCP/IP network. Internet services are identified by a standard port number; for example, Web traffic uses port number 80. If the local network hosts a Web server that is accessible on the public Internet, the port forwarding panel in the router would be configured to direct Web/HTTP packets (port 80 traffic) to the IP address of the Web server in the local network (LA…
What is DDNS?
Dynamic DNS is a service that lets anyone on the Internet gain access to resources on a local network when the Internet address of that network is constantly changing. Such resources are typically a Web server, Webcam or a PC for remote control operation. Cable and DSL providers frequently change the IP address of their customer's service, which makes it impossible to access the network from the outside world without knowing what the IP address is at any given moment. DDNS client software resid…
What is WEP?
Wired Equivalent Privacy is an IEEE standard security protocol for wireless 802.11 networks. Introduced in 1997, WEP was found to be very inadequate and was superseded by WPA, WPA2 and 802.11i. Its authentication method was extremely weak and even helped an attacker decipher the secret encryption key. As a result, WEP authentication was dropped from the Wi-Fi specification. Passwords Are Required WEP uses passwords that are entered manually at both ends (see preshared keys). Using the RC4 encry…
What is RC4?
Ron's Code or Rivest's Cipher algorithms is a family of secret-key cryptographic algorithms from RSA Security, Inc., Bedford, MA (www.rsa.com). Although RSA (formerly RSA Data Security and acquired by EMC in 2006) is widely known for its public key methods, its secret key algorithms are also widely used. Ronald Rivest is the "R" in RSA. Designed as a replacement for DES, RC2 uses a variable key and the block cipher method. RC4 uses a variable key and stream cipher method. Both RC5 and RC6 are b…
What is TKIP?
What is AES?
Advanced Encryption Standard is a U.S. government encryption standard supported by the National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST). AES is a cryptographic cipher that uses a block length of 128 bits and key lengths of 128, 192 or 256 bits. Officially replacing the Triple DES method in 2001, AES uses the Rijndael algorithm developed by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen of Belgium. AES can be encrypted in one pass instead of three, and its key size is greater than Triple DES's 168 bits. In e…
What is PSK?
Phase Shift Keying is a digital modulation technique that uses two phases for a 0 or 1. Also called "binary PSK" (BPSK), it is the most basic form of phase shift keying. For example, quadrature PSK (QPSK) uses four phase shifts for each two bits of input.
What is RADIUS?
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service is an authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) protocol developed by Livingston Enterprises (later acquired by Lucent). RADIUS uses a challenge/response method for authentication and has been widely used prior to Diameter.
What is WPA?
Wi-Fi Protected Access is a security protocol for wireless 802.11 networks from the Wi-Fi Alliance that was developed to provide a migration from WEP. The WPA logo certifies that devices are compliant with a subset of 802.11i, while WPA2 certifies full support. Strong Security WPA and WPA2 use a sophisticated key hierarchy that generates new encryption keys each time a mobile device establishes itself with an access point. Protocols including 802.1X, EAP and RADIUS are used for strong authentic…
What is WPA2?
If you're setting up a network and choose a TKIP encryption what security protocol are you using?
WPA
If you're setting up a network and choose a AES encryption what security protocol are you using?
WPA2
What is WPS?
Wi-Fi Protected Setup is an enhancement to certified Wi-Fi products that makes it easy to add new devices to a secure Wi-Fi network. Introduced by the Wi-Fi Alliance in 2007 and initially called "Wi-Fi Simple Config," Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) automatically transfers the Wi-Fi network name (SSID) and password from the access point (base station) to the Wi-Fi client device. There are three ways to set up a new device, as follows. Type, Push or Move The first method is to enter the personal ide…
What is PoE?
(Power Over Ethernet) Distributing power over an Ethernet network. Because the power and signal are on the same cable, PoE enables remote network devices such as ceiling-mounted access points, surveillance cameras and LED lighting to be installed far away from AC power sources. See PoE lighting and PoE switch. A PoE switch creates a PoE network, which supports both PoE and regular non-Poe devices. With adapters, PoE devices can be added to an existing Ethernet network (see illustrations below).…
What is PoE+?
What is a PoE Injector?
A device that adds power to an Ethernet cable for Power over Ethernet (PoE) equipment. Although Ethernet switches are available with PoE capability, millions of regular "non-PoE" switches are in use and continue to be installed. A PoE injector is also called a "PoE adapter."
What is AAA?
Authentication Authorization Accounting server is a network server used for access control. Authentication identifies the user by username and password. Authorization implements policies that determine which resources and services a valid user may access. Accounting keeps track of time and data resources used for billing and analysis.
What is an ESSID?
Wireless Isolation
The separation of traffic in a Wi-Fi network. Wireless isolation, also called "client isolation," "AP isolation" and "SSID isolation," prevents users on a Wi-Fi network from reaching other devices in the same Wi-Fi network (SSID) as well as computers and servers in the wired network.
What is a Captive Portal?
A default Web page that is downloaded to everyone who logs onto the Internet. Typically used for Wi-Fi hotspots, a captive portal can be used for authorization purposes or as a community bulletin board.