HB Cells

25 flashcards · Biology · by Serenity Underwood

1. atom

   elements (CHONPS) Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Sulfur

2. molecule

   a pair or group of elements, bio-molecule (life molecule) (H2O)

3. cell

   a pair or group of molecules molecule + molecule

4. homeostasis

   balance the cell's maintenance for balance

5. cell theory

   > ALL living things have cells > cells produce/make more cells > cells are the basic unit of all life

6. prokaryotic

   have genetic material, ribosomes, cell membranes and cell walls (some for eukaryotic), and cytoplasm > small Ex: animals, plants (cell walls), protists, and fungi

7. eukaryotic

   have genetic material, ribosomes, cell membranes and cell walls (some for eukaryotic), and cytoplasm > big and have membrane-bound organelles Ex: bacteria

8. unicellular

   one cell, made of one cell

9. multicellular

   multiple/many cells, made of multiple/many cells

10. organelle

    the mini-organ, the pieces that helps a cell function

11. cell membrane (AKA plasma membrane)

    the "bouncer" (controls what comes in and out of the cell) both prokaryotic and eukaryotic

12. cytoplasm (AKA cytosol)

    the "jelly" (holds the organelles together), enzymes both prokaryotic and eukaryotic

13. nucleus

    the "brain" or "control center" (holds DNA) only eukaryotic cells eukaryotic cells have RNA that floats within its capsule

14. mitochondria

    gets energy from food using cellular respiration only eukaryotic cells

15. ribosome

    makes proteins using protein synthesis both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

16. endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

    rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (RER) (SER) only eukaryotic cells

17. rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

    makes and packages proteins (ribosomes) only eukaryotic cells

18. smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

    "smooth like butter" (makes lipids)

19. golgi apparatus

    the "post office" (sends and receives stuff throughout the cell) only eukaryotic cells

20. lysosomes

21. vacuoles

    stores water, pigments, and other things in a cell only eukaryotic cells

22. chloroplast

    turns sunlight into glucose (food) using photosynthesis only in eukaryotic cells (PLANTS only)

23. cilia

    "little fingers" (controls movement)

24. flagella

    controls movement (mobile, motile) CAN be in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

25. cytoskeleton

    the cell's skeleton that controls movement and provides structure only in eukaryotic cells