Unit 4: Biology (vocab)

15 flashcards · Biology · by Serenity Underwood

1. DNA

   the "blueprint" or "instructions" for life >> deoxyribonucleic acid, located in the nucleus >> holds our genetic material and controls activity inside the cell >> polymer

2. nucleus

   the "brain" of the cell (holds our genetic material and controls activity within the cell)

3. nucleotide

   the monomer of DNA >> phosphates, deoxyribose (sugar), and a base

4. nucleic acid

   genetic information (RNA and DNA) >> macromolecule

5. deoxyribose

   a type of sugar used in DNA

6. double helix

   the shape of DNA, twisting spiral ladder/staircase

7. base pairs

   four nitrogenous bases that pair with a certain base > adenine and thymine (AT/TA) & > cytosine and guanine (CG/GC)

8. anti-parallel

   the DNA strands running/going in opposite directions

9. replication

   to copy/duplicate

10. DNA replication

    to copy/duplicate DNA

11. helicase

    an enzyme that helps untwist and unzip the DNA

12. ligase

    an enzyme that helps bond (glue) pieces together on lagging strands

13. DNA polymerase

    an enzyme that helps adds new nucleotides to the unzipped DNA strands

14. semi-conservative

15. -ase

    the suffix for enzymes/proteins