US History Midterm

37 flashcards · History · by Logan Pollack

1. Article 1 of the Constitution sets up ________

   Congress

2. Strict Constructionists

   Those who felt that the Constitution should be read literally and that the elastic clause should be used only for expanding the powers of Congress in cases where expansion is absolutely necessary

3. Loose Constructionists

   Those who held the belief that the Constitution, and specifically the elastic clause, should be read broadly and that the framers had intended the clause to mean that Congress should have the "proper" powers resulting from its other powers.

4. Article 2 of the Constitution sets up ________

   The Executive Branch

5. Senate Qualifications: At least 30 years of age U.S. citizen for 9 years Resident of state represented

6. House of Representatives Qualifications: At least 25 years of age U.S. citizen for 7 years Resident of state represented

7. House of Representatives Term of Office

   Two Years

8. Senate Term of Office

   Six years

9. Congress is split into what two houses/groups?

   The Senate and the House of Representatives

10. Article 3 of the Constitution sets up ________

    The Judicial Branch

11. Judiciary Act of 1789

    Established 13 district courts in principal cities, 3 circuit courts, and 1 Supreme Court.

12. Marbury v. Madison

    established the precedent for judicial review. The Court held part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional.

13. The Federalist Papers

    Federalists published 85 essays in newspapers to answer fears of the antifederalists

14. Antifederalists

    feared a strong centralized government would strip away state rights

15. Federalists

    Those who supported the ratification of the Constitution

16. The New Jersey Plan

    Proposed a unicameral legislature similar to that under the Articles with each state having one vote.

17. The Virginia Plan

    Proposed a bicameral legislature representing the states proportionately (based on population) with the lower house elected by the people and the upper house to be chosen by the lower house.

18. The Great Compromise

    Congress would be made up of two houses - a Senate and a House of Representatives. The lower house of Congress, the House, would be filled according to proportional representation (by population). The upper house, The Senate would be filled by equal representation of the states

19. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

    Made it so the northwest territory was part of the U.S.

20. Shays' Rebellion

    caused much fear among Americans and was used by conservative forces to bolster their demand for a stronger central government

21. Main weakness of the Articles of Confederation

    Central Government was not strong enough

22. The First Continental Congress (1774)

    The delegates at the Congress were narrowly divided between those who favored resistance and those who avoided it.

23. The Quartering Act

    gave British officials within the colonies broad authority to quarter, or house, troops wherever they chose in town, rather than in barracks provided by the colonies

24. The Tea Act

    Allowed the direct shipment of tea from India to the colonies without having the tea go through London, thereby reducing the price of tea in the colonies. The Tea Act meant that British tea could no be purchased in the colonies for about half the price of smuggled tea.

25. The Declaratory Act

    stated that Parliament had absolute authority over the colonies "in all cases whatsoever"

26. The Stamp Act

    required that certain documents be written or printed on paper carrying a stamp from the British treasury office thereby taxing the paper.

27. The Sugar Act

    lowered the tax on imported molasses in an attempt to stop colonial smuggling

28. The Townshend Acts

    Taxed Glass, Lead, Paint, Paper, and Tea

29. Mercantilism

    power depended upon monetary wealth and that the colonies were a source of wealth

30. Proclamation of 1763

    Forbade settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains

31. Joint-Stock Company

    a company that received a charter from the English Crown granting it a monopoly over trade and colonization for a period of years within a specific area.

32. Virginia House of Burgesses

    First elected legislature in the colonies and marked the first step toward representative government in the colonies

33. Jefferson's arguments against a national bank

    viewed it as unconstitutional

34. Hamilton's arguments for the national bank

    Viewed it as constitutional. Claimed that the power to create the bank could be implied from the constitution

35. The followers of Hamilton were called Federalists

36. The followers of Jefferson were called Republicans

37. Judicial Review

    Courts can determine whether legislative acts, both federal and state, are constitutional or not.