Unit 12: Plants (vocabulary cards)

39 flashcards · Biology · by Serenity Underwood

1. eukaryotic cell

   cells that have a nucleus >> the domain eukarya have these cells

2. prokaryotic cell

   cells that don't have a nucleus

3. chloroplast

   a plant organelle that is used for photosynthesis

4. cell wall

   a wall around the plant cell to give it structure >> makes the plant rigid

5. vacuole

   an organelle that holds water inside the cell >> a plant's vacuole is larger than normal vacuoles

6. multicellular

   organisms that have multiple (multi-) cells (-cellular)

7. unicellular

   organisms that have one (uni-) cell (-cellular)

8. autotroph

   organisms that make their own food for energy

9. heterotroph

   organisms that have to consume other organisms for energy

10. photosynthesis

    the process of turning sunlight into food (for plants)

11. reactants

    what goes in a process or formula

12. products

    what comes out in a process or formula

13. flower

    the reproductive organ for the plant >> responsible for making seeds >> it gives off a strong odor that attracts pollinators >>> pollinators help transport the pollen

14. leaves

    the part of the plant that collects light energy from the Sun >> light energy is used to make food in photosynthesis >> have openings (stoma) that help with gas exchange and transpiration

15. stem

    the part of the plant that gives the plant support >> holds leaves high for more exposure on light >> helps transport water and nutrients >> xylem and phloem

16. roots

    the anchor of the plant >> absorbs water and minerals from the soil >> stores food for the plant

17. vascular tissue

    responsible for transporting water and minerals throughout the plant

18. vascular

    plants that are vascular: > have vascular tissue > can grow bigger/higher than non-vascular plants (trees, grass, flowers)

19. non-vascular

    plants that are non-vascular: > no vascular tissue > get all their nutrients f

20. xylem

    moves the water

21. phloem

    moves the food

22. cuticle

    the waxy part of a plant >> prevents water loss

23. mesophyll

    lots of chloroplasts, gas exchange >> contains palisade mesophyll and spongy mesophyll

24. epidermis

    the layer of cells underneath the cuticle

25. guard cells

    controls opening and closing of stomata for gas exchange (continue later)

26. bundle sheath cells

    surrounds the xylem and phloem

27. stomata

    the opening in the plants

28. carpel/pistil

    the female reproduction part of the plant

29. stigma

    the sticky part that catches pollen (female part)

30. style

    the tube between the stigma and ovary (female part)

31. ovary

    the female reproduction part that produces ovules (female part)

32. ovule

    the eggs within the ovary (female part)

33. petals

    part of the flower used to attract pollinators >>> bees, insects, birds

34. stamen

    the male reproductive part of the flower

35. anther

    part of the flower that produces pollen (plant sperm) (male part)

36. filament

    part of the flower that holds up the anther (male part)

37. sepal

    part of the flowers that protects it when developing

38. asexual reproduction

    reproduction that requires one organism >> cloning (copying) >> new plants come directly from or off the original plant

39. sexual reproduction

    reproduction that requires two organisms >> egg and sperm come together to make offspring >> ovule and pollen come together to make a seed which grows into a seedling