JCM Study Materials

61 flashcards · Other · by Liv Mcdeezy

1. Movies

   medium that communicates through art of moving image

2. The Moving Image

   illusion of movement created when series of still images are presented consecutively

3. Cinema

   the enterprise of filmmaking or a movie theater

4. Cinematic Language/ Film Form

   How do movies make meaning? movies communicate through cinematic language that consists of moving images we call this cinematic language film form

5. The Shot

   fundamental unit of film form Editing is the assembly of individual shots together in ways that create meaning

6. The Shot Formal Term: Long Shot

   The camera is a long distance from characters and objects filmed. This shot establishes a sense of place and communicates the significance of the environment.

7. The Shot Formal Term: Medium Shot

   A medium distance from characters and objects filmed, this shot emphasizes relationship between characters and objects within their environment

8. The Shot Formal Term: Close Up

   By filming close, this shot emphasizes detail in characters and objects, at the expense of context

9. The Shot Formal Term: Low Angle Shot

   shoots an object from below, emphasizing its size and making it appear larger

10. The Shot Formal Term: High Angle Shot

    shoots an object from above, shrinking its size and making it appear smaller

11. Narrative

    A story Fiction films(as opposed to documentary or experimental films) The structuring of events in a film - Narration, Characters, Structure

12. Narration

    The camera tells viewers who or what to focus on in a cinematic story

13. First-Person Narrator

    a character a character in the narrative who imports information via voice-over in the narrative who imports information via voice-over or, sometimes direct address

14. Third-Person Narrator

    a voice from outside the narration imports information

15. Protagonist

    Primary character or chracters in pursuit of a goal Obstacles- protagonists encounter difficulty in pursuit of this goal due to narrative obstacles( sometimes, but not always, in the form of an antagonist)

16. Genre

    Narrative categories that have set expectations

17. Linear Storytelling

    (one event follows another in a cause-effect chain) can be interrupted(one event follows another in a cause-effect chain) by flashbacks and flash-forwards- a break in linearity that shows past or future story events or other choices that break up linearity

18. Plot

    how filmmakers select and order the events of a story

19. Three Act Structure

    Act I: Establishes setting and protagonists Act II: An inciting incident (or catalyst) establishes the narrative goal, and the protagonists encounter obstacles in pursuit of this goal ACT III: A climax occurs when the protagonists encounter their major obstacle when the goal of the protagonists is achieved or lost, the narrative comes to a resolution

20. Mise en Scene

    elements with which space is organized and perceived in a shot composition- the organization of and relationship between elements in the frame

21. Mise en Scene Formal Term: Lighting

    the presence of illumination and shadow on a character or object

22. Mise en Scene Formal Term: Set

    the objects within a shot and space in which it takes place

23. Mise en Scene Formal Term: Costume, Makeup, and Hairstyle

    how character traits are expressed through appearance

24. Mise en Scene Formal Term: Color

    how specific colors gain meaning within context

25. Cinematography

    the process of lighting, framing, and capturing moving images

26. Depth of Field

    the degree of depth with which objects in front of the camera are in focus

27. Lensing

    a tool that creates a sense of space and dimension

28. Camera Movement Formal Term: Tracking (or Dolly) Shot

    camera moves freely on a mobile base through a scene

29. Camera Movement Formal Term: Panning Shot

    camera moves horizontally, vertically, or diagonally on a fixed base (vertical version is called tilt)

30. Camera Movement Formal Term: Crane Shot

    via a crane or other rig, camera moves around the scene in a way that transcends normal human perception

31. Camera Movement formal Term: Zoom

    a zoom lens allows the focal length of a shot to change in order to make characters of objects look bigger or smaller

32. Production Designer

    responsible for the film's overall design concept, executed through mise en scene

33. Cinematographer (or Director of Photography)

    responsible for lighting, framing, and capturing moving images

34. Director

    responsible for guiding the overall artistic vision of the film

35. Editing

    The assembly of shots and sounds in ways that create meaning

36. Editor

    responsible for organizing raw footage into a cohesive film

37. Cut

    a joining of two shots, the fundamental technique of editing

38. Cut Transitions Formal Term: Dissolve

    one shot is gradually replaced by another shot

39. Cut Transitions Formal Term: Fade

    a shot moves into or out of the absence of a shot

40. Continuity Editing

    a style of editing practiced by Hollywood that makes sequences of shots seem seamless, cohesive, and linear

41. Continuity Formal Term: Eyeline Match

    a characters eyes establish proximity or direction with a cut to another character or object

42. Continuity Formal Term: 180-Degree Rule

    an imaginary line that determines continuous camera placement

43. Continuity Formal Term: Establishing Shot

    shot that establishes setting or environment where plot will take place

44. Continuity Formal Term: Match-on-Action

    a character or object continually moves through space aa character or object continually moves through space across multiple shots

45. Continuity Formal Term: Parallel Editing

    shows two or more spatially separate events occurring at the same time

46. Discontinuity Editing

    favors rhythm, pacing and thematic meaning over continuity, breaks or ignores linearity in order to convey meaning

47. Discontinuity Editing Formal Term: Montage

    a series of shots that contract time, create elipses between events, convey a mood or idea

48. Discontinuity Editing Formal Term: Graphic Match

    makes a thematic connection across time and space through the visual similarity between shots

49. Sound

    all sonic elements that accompany film images - dialogue, sound effects, environmental sound, music, silence

50. Sound Formal Term: Loudness

    the volume of a sound communicates distance

51. Sound Formal Term: Pitch

    the range of high and low frequencies between sounds

52. Sound Formal Term: Quality

    characteristics that distinguish sounds with similar pitch or loudness

53. Sound Formal Term: Fidelity

    the degree to which a sound seems to correspond with an onscreen source

54. Sound Elements

    Sound Design- created by people who produce and record sounds (sound editors) and people who arrange them (sound mixers)

55. Diegesis

    the world of the film

56. Diegetic Sound

    sounds that exist within and help establish the world of the film - can exist internally or externally, onscreen or offscreen

57. Nondiegetic Sound

    sounds that exist outside the world of the film

58. Film Music Formal Term: Empathetic Film Music

    music that participates in an emotional perspective of onscreen events

59. Film Music Formal Term: Anempathetic Film Music

    music that comments on a character or event through conspicuous indifference

60. Leitmotif

    a repeated musical phrase associated with a character or idea

61. Functions of Film Sound

    Conveys narrative and perspective Directs our attention Establishes space and rhythm Connects cuts Instructs audiences how to feel about characters and events