Statistics Test 1

28 flashcards · Mathematics · by Matthew Brown

1. Discrete Variable

   assume values can be counted, they can be assigned values

2. Systematic Sampling

   obtained by selecting every, whatever number you choose, individual from the population

3. Frequency Distribution

   the organization of raw data in table form using classes and frequencies of a class

4. Classes

   categories, either quantitative or qualitative

5. Frequency of a Class

   the number of data values contained in a specific class

6. Categorical Frequency Distribution

   for data that can be put in specific categories

7. Random Sample

   a sample in which all members of the population have an equal chance of being selected

8. Stratified Sampling

   divide the population into strata according to some type of characteristic relevant to the study, then subjects are selected from each group

9. Cluster Sampling

   obtained by dividing the population into sections or clusters and then selecting one or more clusters and using all members in the cluster as the members of the sample

10. Sampling Error

    the difference between the results obtained from the population from which the sample was selected

11. Non-Sampling Error

    occurs when data are obtained erroneously the sample is biased

12. Observational Study

    researcher merely observes what is happening or what has happened in the past and tries to draw conclusions based on these observations

13. Experimental Study

    researcher manipulates one of the variables and tries to determine how the manipulation influences other variables

14. Grouped Frequency Distribution

    when range of data is large, data must be grouped into classes that are more than one unit in width

15. Range

    difference between highest and lowest value in data

16. Width

    the range divided by the number of classes

17. Mean

    found by adding the values of the data and dividing by the number of values

18. Sample Mean

    the arithmetic average value of the responses on a variable

19. Population Mean

    the sum of the values in the population divided by the population size

20. Median

    halfway point in data set after data has been arranged in order

21. Mode

    value that occurs the most

22. Outlier

    extreme value

23. Modal Class

    class with the largest frequency

24. Midrange

    the sum of the lowest and highest value in a data set divided by 2

25. Continuous Variable

    can assume an infinite number of values between only two specific values

26. Qualitative Variable

    have distinct categories according to some characteristic or attribute

27. Quantitative Variable

    can be counted or measured

28. Convenience Sampling

    use individuals that are the most convenient for whatever reason