PSYCH midterm 2: people and theories

54 flashcards · Other · by Sophia Vona

1. freud (consciousness)

   feelings and behaviors influenced by unconscious needs, wishes, concepts

2. william james

   consciousness: stream of consciousness, flow of consciousness, mind wandering conscious fluctuation functionalism

3. freud (dreams)

   wish fufilment day residue

4. r cartwright

   dreams problem solving/ mood regulation reflect and regulate tone creative problem solving (REM enhances learning)

5. hobson

   dreaming activation syntehsis model side effect of beta waves produced during rem neurons firing in lower brain (spike in pons) spike geniculate nucleus spike occipital lobe (cortex) cortex synthesizes dreams to make sense downpays emotions + powerful dram content + dreaming outside of REM.

6. franz anton meser

   hypnosis quack messer: what a mess anton-messy situation at school

7. james braid

   hypnosis for annethesia during painful procedures braiding your mind 9shift in consciousness)

8. ernest hilgard

   theory of hypnosis dissociation splitting of mental proceses into two, seperate, simultaenous streams of awareness 1) communication with hypnotist and real world 2) hidden observer, difficut to detect, pain registered heree highway hypnosis: no conscious recollection despite responses to stimuli hilgard: heimdal: highway

9. variable ratio

   consistent, quick responses (straightest line up) reinforcement after (on avg) every nth response most resistant to extinction

10. fixed ratio

    stepwise: quick, break, does again quickly to get to desired # of responses reinforcment after every nth response

11. fixed int

    scalloped: break, more frequent as time passes reinforcement after x amount of time (and response performed)

12. variable int

    line: slow, consistent responding reinforcement after (on avg) x seconds and response performed.

13. edward tolman

    latent learning + cognitive maps 3 groups of mice learning can take place w/o reinforcement toll booth: holds you up, but you are still doing shit otherwise.

14. robert rescorla

    signal relations predictive value of conditioned stimulus 2 groups rats + tone predictive value of fear is calculated rescore (la): the signal's value, prediction value, score for value, etc

15. albert bandura

    observational learning cognitive processes could be involved with learning attention retention reproduction: self efficacy motivations observe!! the color of the bands. so you can get in. COGNITIVE FACTORS in learning behavioral with cognitive flavor

16. levels of processing

    fergus craik, robert lockheart structural henomic semanic

17. allan paivio

    dual coding theory: 2 is better than 1

18. Baddeley

    working memory old model is bad! 1) phonological loop 2) visuo spatial sketchpad 3) central executitve 4) episodic buffer

19. loftus

    misinformation effect: reexamining info post event can lead to alteration + source monitoring error lotus Percy Jackson: forgetting

20. proactive interference

    smth learned previously interferes with remembering something NEW

21. retroactive interference

    smth learned recently interferes with the memory of something OLD forgetting old language: retro regression: forgetting things you once knew.

22. germinal stage (zygote)

    0-2 weeks prolif implantation in uterus

23. embryonic stage

    3- 8 weeks humanoid form laying foundations most miscarriages morning sickness toward end

24. fetal stage

    8-38 weeks (birth) basic structures laid down, threshshold of viability, fat responits/ growth

25. threshhold of viability when

    23-25 weeks of prenantal development fetal stage

26. basi structures laid down when

    12 weeks fetal stage

27. harlow

    monkey cloth and wire emotionally bonded to cuteness

28. mary ainsworth

    strange situation 4 styles of attatchement

29. secure attachment

    60-65% look for caretaker in strange situation, cry when caretaker removed, soothed by return parental style: sensitive consistent care

30. anxious ambivalent (resistant) attacthement

    10-15% can't decide if to go to caregiver or not resist: resist urge to go to parent style: sometimes sensitive, sometimes not. inconsistently sensitive about care 2 a's = 1 r

31. avoidant attachment

    20% not seeking parent in distressing situation insentive care: feed baby when it needs to sleeP; not helpful. so avoids parent.

32. diroganized/ disoriented attatchement

    5-10% do not go to caregiver, hitting head, rocking, strange behavior

33. jean piaget

    cognitive development theory sensorimotor period (0-2) preop period (2-7) concrete op period (7-11) formal op period (11- on)

34. sensorimotor period

    coordiation of sensory inut/ motor responses object permanence

35. preop period

    development of symbolic though no irreversibility/conservation, centration and egocentrism present.

36. concrete op period

    apply mental ops to concrete events

37. formal op period

    apply mental ops to abstractions

38. vgotsky

    socio cultural theory language acquisition vital for cognitive function self talk: likely to solve problem

39. kholberg

    moral development stage 1: punishment orientation punished stage 2: naïve reward rewarded stage 3: good boy/girl orientation close others approval stage 4: authority society's rules rigidly obeyed stage 5: social contract society's rules: but they're fallible, not absolute. stage 6: individual principles abstract ethical principles, justice and equality

40. marcia

    identity statuses: identity achievement identity moratorium concern, looking for identity identity foreclosure parents identity diffusion struggle for identity with no concern

41. jeffrey arnett

    emerging adulthood self focused time possibilities/ optimism identity search

42. 5 traits OCEAN

    MCrae and Costa cost: ocean conner mcrae: 5 traits

43. walter michel

    personality not a valid concept behavior inconsistent in situations better predictor of behavior = situations and immediate reinforcements

44. david buss

    notice personality and 5 traits: adaptable for picking mates predictor of long term behavior ACROSS situations = personality. buss it: picking

45. jung

    personal unconscious + collective unonscious psychodynamic

46. freud

    personal unconscious psychosexual conflicts psychoanalytic

47. adler

    psychodynamic personal unconscious: striving for SUPERIORITY a lot be can't do as kids beat inferiority complexes addler: addle your brain trying to get the a+ (addler = a)

48. erikson

    psychodynamic personal unconscious: resolution of psychosocial conflicts continues throughout life. stages: trust vs mistrust environment predictable? sound attachments? cared for? autonomy vs shame and doubt toilet training. responsibility initiative vs guilt operate in home parents make you guilty industry vs inferiority operate in social sphere society makes yu fel inferior identity vs confusion who am I? intimacy vs isolation creativity vs self absorption integrity vs despair

49. skinner

    learning as operant conditioning behavioralism

50. rogers

    humanism innate drive for personal growth unconditional love

51. maslow

    humanism triangle innate drive for personal growth, pyramid of needs

52. hand Eysenck PEN

    genetics + learning (conditioning) in persnaolity psychoticism extraversion neuroticism

53. ocean

    mccrae and costa

54. daniel mette

    having big 5 traits adaptable for picking mate physical attractiveness women streanght men correlated with extraversion woah thats so meta