外科：急外/外科概論

14 flashcards · Other · by Wanying Koh

1. 13-year old girl sore throat acute abdominal pain after collision during soccer match Diagnosis

   teenager with sore throat: suspect infectious mononucleosis --> enlarged spleen spleen easily ruptured during collision Diagnosis: splenic rupture

2. Nutritional risk screening score score > ? need to be treated

   score > 3 need to be treated otherwise complications increase

3. n. innervating upper arm 內側

   intercostobrachial n.

4. normal abd pressure intraabdominal HTN abdominal compartment syndrome

   0-5mmHg >10mmHg >10mmHg + 合併 organ dysfunction/injury

5. intraabdominal HTN s/s: inc/dec? CVP renal a. bloodflow HR intrapleural pressure breathing affected?

   CVP - inc renal a. bloodflow - dec HR - inc intrapleural pressure - inc affected - 壓迫diaphragm

6. intraabdominal HTN Dx

   urine catheter measuring bladder pressure --> indirect measure of intraabd HTN

7. prior to surgery when to stop warfarin INR levels should reach

   >5 days before OP INR <1.5

8. SSI 發生率 clean wound clean-contaminated contaminated dirty wound

   1-4% 6-9% 13-20% 30-40%

9. intraabd HTN tx gr 1-2 gr 3-4

   gr 1-2: conservative gr 3-4: surgical decompression

10. zones of the neck zone 1 zone 2 zone 3 分別的demarcations

    3 - skull base - angle of mandible (最多大血管 不易處理） 2 - angle of mandible - cricoid cartilage (most easily accessible) 1 - cricoid cartilage - clavicle

11. posttraumatic seizure 需不需要給予 prophylactic anticonvulsants

    給予 therapeutic trial of anticonvulsants (phenytoin, valproate) duration for 1 week to prevent early PTS (對於 late PTS, 無效)

12. chemical disasters 分區 function cold zone warm zone hot zone

    cold: triage warm: decontamination hot: 搜救行動

13. 太多 isotonic fluids cause what acid-base result

    hyperchloremic acidosis - metabolic acidosis

14. retroperitoneal malignancy

    1/3 soft tissue sarcoma liposarcoma 70% leiomyosarcoma 15% germ cell tumor - seminoma / non-seminoma lymphoma metastatic testicular ca