Health and Society Parcial I

54 flashcards · Other · by Daniel Benigno Villarreal Barrera

1. What is the definition of Health?

   A state of complete physical, mental ans social well-being and not merely the absence of disease.

2. What are the 4 stages of a disease?

   Susceptibility Pre-symptomatic Clinical Disability or death

3. In this stage there are no manifestations of the pathologic changes starting inside the body. The disease can only be detected through special tests.

   Pre-symptomatic

4. At this stage the person has developed signs and symptoms of the disease.

   Clinical stage

5. In this stage some disease run their curse and then resolve completely either spontaneously or by treatment.

   Stage of disabilty or death

6. What are the types of prevention?

   Primary, Secondary and Tertiary

7. This level of prevention is more about promoting health, and preventing exposure of a disease. Keeps the disease from becoming stablished

   Primary prevention

8. What are the 3 components of primary prevention?

   Health promotion Prevention of exposure Prevention of disease

9. This level of prevention is about slowing down the progression of the disease so as to limit permanent damage.

   Secodary prevention

10. This level of prevention is about aiding people with disabilities.

    Tertiary prevention.

11. What is immunity

    The capacity of the organism to remove or to eliminate strange substances, pathogenic and cancerous cells.

12. What are the 3 barriers of defense of the body?

    1st : the skin 2nd: Natural killer cells 3rd: antibodies, T and B cells

13. What are the ways of classifying immunity?

    Specific and non specific Active (Produced), Passive (Vaccine, etc.)

14. What do vaccines contain?

    Attenuated antigens that produced an immune reaction.

15. What does Anatomy is deconstructed?

    Ana= between Tomy= tome= cuts

16. Describe the anatomical position:

    Standing up straight, arms to sides and palms facing forward, legs facing forward woth both feet flat on the floor.

17. What are the 3 types of planes?

    Sagittal, Coronal and Transversal

18. Which are the main cavities of the human body?

    Dorsal and Ventral

19. What is the dorsal cavity divided into?

    Cranial and spinal cavities.

20. What is the ventral cavity divided into?

    Thoracic, Mediastinum(zone), Abdominal cavity, Pelvic Cavity.

21. Which 2 cavities are located in the thoracic cavity?

    Pericardial, 2 Pleural

22. A group of specialized cells doing the same function in the body

    Tissue

23. Which are the 4 types of tissues?

    Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous

24. Consists of tightly packed cells that forms a continuous layer.

    Epithelial tissue

25. What are some functions of epithelial cells?

    Protection Secretion Absortion Excretion Filtration

26. What are the different shapes of epithelial cells?

    Squamous Cuboidal Culomnar

27. What are the 3 types of glands and how do they differ?

    Exocrine - secrete the substance outside the body Endocrine - secrete the substance into the bloodstream Mixed- both

28. Which are the 3 types of fibers of COnnective tissues and how do they differ?

    Collagen - Give flexibility and strength Reticular - support networks Elastic - give elasticity

29. What are the functions of connective tissues?

    Bind organs together Provides support and protection Fill spaces Produce blood cells Store fat

30. What are the types of connective tissues, and how do they differ?

    Loose fibrous: covers muscle, supports epithelium and internal organs Dense fibrous: Has cells and fibroblasts, they are found in Tendons and Ligaments

31. Which are the "specialized" connective tissue?

    Adipose Reticular Cartilage Bone Blood

32. It is the tissue that stores fat beneath the skin, around the kidneys and heart. Serves as protection and insulation.

    Adipose

33. Is the tissue that forms a supporting network of bone marrow.

    Reticular

34. Tissue made out of condrocytes

    Cartilage

35. the 3 types of cartilage and where they are located.

    Hyaline - Nose Eslastic - Ears Fibrocartilage - Knees

36. IS a tissue where the cells ave a high amount of minerals:

    Bone

37. What are the 2 types of bones

    compact and spongy bones

38. What does blood separate tu in a centrifuge?

    55% Substances dissolved in water 45% Red and white blood cells. Platelets

39. Which substance makes blood red?

    hemoglobin

40. What is muscle tissue made of?

    Muscle fibers.

41. What substances make muscles contract?

    actine and myosin

42. Which are the 3 types of muscles?

    Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac

43. Which are the 3 functions of nerve tissue

    Detect stimuli Be aware of the world Control muscles and glands

44. Organs of the integumentary system:

    Skin Hair Nails Sweat glands Sebaceous glands

45. Which are the layers of the skin?

    Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous

46. Which are the "Accesory organs"

    Nails Hair fallicles Oil glands Sweat glands

47. Cancer that develops in melanocytes

    Melanoma

48. Autoimmune disease where the body gets rid of melanocytes

    Vitiligo

49. The spongy bone is located in the:

    Epiphysis

50. The compact bone is located in the:

    Diaphysis

51. What are some functions of bones

    Structural support Protection of soft body parts Production of blood cells Storage of minerals and fat Flexible body movement

52. What is the appendicular skeleton

    Bones in the limbs

53. Name 4 bones of the appendicular skeleton

    Femur, tibia, calvicle and phalanges

54. Name 4 bones of the axial skeleton

    Skull, Sternum, Ribs, Vertebrae