6。ENT

17 flashcards · Other · by Wanying Koh

1. Dx

   congenital cholesteatoma 白色病灶 有retraction pocket - primary acquired 有perforation - secondary acquired 肉芽顆粒增生，角質層沈澱

2. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome has what EKG abnormality

   QT prolong Na/K channels abnormality

3. perichondritis of auricle 最常見的菌

   auricle - outer ear outer ear infection 最常見 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (most common fungi: Candida albicans)

4. non-allergic sinusitis which med 效果最差 steroid nasal spray oral first-gen antihistamine oral second-gen antihistamine anti-histamine nasal spray

   oral second-gen antihistamine 最差 - no use non-allergic sinusitis first-line tx: steroid nasal spray and decongestant

5. pott puffy tumor 是指 frontal bone osteomyelitis ethmoid tumor orbital subperiosteal abscess nasolabial cyst

   frontal bone osteomyelitis

6. which xray view has maxillary sinus blocked by petrous ridge waters view caldwell view skull lateral view submental view

   caldwell view (只能看 CA-FE frontal, ethmoid）

7. which sinuses already present at birth

   maxillary ethmoid development 順序: MESF

8. inverted papilloma - most common site of occurrence

   lateral wall of nose

9. endolymph produced by contained in consists of what ions

   scala vascularis (記得：血管紋) scala media (記得：中間的房間/內） low Na, high K (記得：內=跟intracellular一樣） age related hearing loss - due to degeneration of scala vascularis

10. Bell's palsy vs Ramsay Hunt syndrome 比例 成因 s/s tx 預後

    mostly 80-90% // 5-9% herpes simplex virus 感染 CN7 // VZV 感染 CN7/8 unilateral 無法閉眼, drooping mouth, loss of forehead wrinkles // '' + tinnitus, dizziness, auditory HL, outer ear 皰疹 eyedrops, acyclovir, steroids good // poor

11. hoarseness + nodule on glottis dx

    laryngeal ca (at glottis)

12. laryngeal ca 分類 位置 發生率 early s/s late s/s LN spread

13. OSA apnea definition

    breathing is interrupted during sleep, for longer than 10 seconds at least 5 times per hour (on average)

14. paranasal sinusitis need CT for dx? caused by? need ABx?

    CT and xray mostly rhinovirus as cause, bacteria lesser (SHM) 先 supportive care + steroids 噴劑 pt doesnt recover by 5 days, give ABx 3-6wks of ABx (Amoxicillin, ampicillin) + steroids --> still no recovery, OP

15. 70yo man w hx of smoking + betel nuts intermittent R ear pain Dx - what type of cancer tongue ca glottis ca buccal ca tonsils ca

    tonsil ca - tonsils closest to eustachian tube - ear related s/s present early on (NPC early on may also have s/s --> closest to eustachian tube)

16. differentiate bet vira;/bacterial paranasal sinusitis

    viral - shorter clinical course - within 5 days resolve bacteria - longer - > 5 days

17. acquired laryngotracheal stenosis 最常見哪個部位 causes best diagnostic tool associated stridor types

    SUBglottic trauma, endotracheal tube, HNPCC RT laryngoscopy > better than CT/MRI supraglottic --------- inspiratory stridor glottic/subglottic -- biphasic stridor lower trachea ------ expiratory stridor