6。眼

27 flashcards · Other · by Wanying Koh

1. longest eye muscle shortest eye muscle

   longest - SO shortest - IO

2. pairs of eye muscles allowing: 往外上方看 往內下方看

   SR + LR MR + SO

3. orbicularis oculi nerve innervation

   facial n. CN7 眼瞼閉合

4. most common eyelid cancer melanoma SCC BCC sebaceous gland carcinoma

   BCC

5. muller's m. 是什麼 innervated by ?

   = sup. tarsal m. smooth m. that is part of the levator palpebrae superioris innervated by SNS CN5-1 ophthalmic n.

6. herpes zoster ophthalmicus tx

   oral acyclovir + topical steroids but steroids can inc. risk of 2' bacterial infection 不常規使用

7. risk factors for cataract

   DM hypoparathyroidism galactosemia steroid use atopic dermatitis NF2 trauma radiation NOT hypertension

8. what causes ectopia lentis

   是 cataract 異位 - due to zonula fibres partial/fully ruptured 原因 最常見：trauma 任何方向 Marfan's syndrome 往外上 homocystinuria - 往內下 weill-marchesani syndrome ehlers-danlos syndrome NO down's syndrome

9. focal cup changes during glaucoma

   focal notching of the optic disc increase depth of optic cup nasal displacement of retinal vessels on the optic disc NO optic disc edema

10. halo vision in cataract pts due to

    角膜水腫

11. 最薄的orbital bone

    lamina papyracea at medial wall of orbit

12. retinitis pigmentosa classical triad

    retinal bone-spicule pigmentation 骨刺狀黑色素沈澱 waxy pallor of optic disc 視神經蒼白化 arteriolar attenuation 小動脈變細 70% family hx young adult, s/s of night blindness, loss of peripheral vision

13. acidic or basic burns to the eye poorer prognosis? tx?

    basic burns tx 大量清水沖洗 steroids - can dec inflammation, help wound healing

14. carotid cavernous fistula - 也會有那個特徵 salmon patch corkscrew-like vessels microaneurysm

    corkscrew-like vessels appearance

15. posterior capsular opacity cause tx

    happens after cataract phacoemulsification surgery 被保留的 lens post. capsular cells 增生，混濁，affect vision Nd:YAG laser therapy - capsulotomy

16. coloboma of uveal tract 發生在眼球的幾點鐘方向

    6pm medial + inferior genetics AD failure of the optic fissure to close during the fifth to seventh weeks of foetal life. The risk of retinal detachment increases with age in colobomatous eyes associated w trisomy 13, cat syndrome, CHARGE syndrome

17. duction version vergence

    duction - 單眼運動 intorsion//extorsion version - 雙眼同向 dextro-elevation//levo-depression vergence - 雙眼異向 convergence//divergence

18. trachoma what bacteria pathology intracellular 看到什麼 tx

    chlamydia trachomatis cicatricial trachoma - superior palpebral conjunctiva 可見 Arlt line basophilic inclusion bodies oral/topical tetracycline // erythromycin // one dose of azithromycin

19. neonatal gonococcal conjunctivitis what bacteria form of transmission when secretions start tx

    Neiserria gonorrhoeae mother to child during birth via birth canal s/s appear in newborn 2-7 days after birth tx: systemic ceftriaxone // penicillin G N/S washing of eyes topical erythro//tetracycline 眼藥水

20. acute painful poor vision 哪一個 CRAO CRVO optic neuritis temporal arteritis

    optic neuritis CRAO, CRVO - no pain temporal arteritis - bilateral pulsing HA

21. age related macular degeneration RF

    old age smoking family history present caucasian 抽菸的老白人 會 AMD

22. retinoschisis 是什麼 有無tx

    retina split into two layers - at outer plexiform layer 無有效治療

23. AMD dry vs wet 盛行率 眼底變化 s/s tx

    90% // 10% drusen // neovascularization slow progression 視力不良 // rapid progression vision loss 無有效治療 // anti-VEGF, photo-dynamic therapy 抑制bv增生

24. 遠視 or 近視 更容易造成弱視

    遠視

25. abducens palsy check for what most common reason in adults/children

    acoustic neuroma (aka vestibular schwannoma) - 壓迫 CN8 --> CN5, 7 , cause IICP - 壓迫 CN6 NPC invasion of cranial - 壓迫 CN5, 6 IICP - 壓迫 CN6 adults - DM, HTN related ischemic bv changes --> abducens palsy OBS 3-6mo spontaneous recovery children - medulloblastoma / glioma --> IICP --> abducens palsy immediate op, RT

26. choroidal melanoma most common meta

    liver hematogenous spread

27. s/s acute unilateral 視力減退，眼睛轉動疼痛

    optic neuritis